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John Kennedy photo

John Kennedy

John Kennedy is a Research Leader in the Defense and Security Group at RAND Europe.

Articles

Putin and Xi attend a welcoming ceremony at Tiananmen Square, Beijing, China, May 16, 2024.

Opinion: Russia is leveraging gold and working with China to bypass Western sanctions

Since the West imposed unprecedented economic pressure on Russia following its full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the country’s trade practices have undergone a dramatic transformation, with Russian international trade increasingly occurring in the shadows. Access to the goods it needs now depends on constant scheming. Given that Russia operates under informal rules, this shift comes naturally. Understanding this — and, particularly, the role of Russia’s new patron, China — could help ensure that

Opinion: Putin’s drone strategy shows the cracks in Russia’s war machine

Russia shot down one of its own drones — a large and stealthy S-70 — after it flew uncontrolled into Ukrainian territory in early October, sparking speculation about how Moscow lost control of this valuable asset so publicly. It’s an unforced error that will be keenly felt in Moscow, whose high ambitions for producing its own drones have been slow to take flight. Given shortfalls in manpower, munitions, artillery, and aircraft, Russia has signaled its belief that uncrewed systems could be trans